In this episode of the Planet Money Indicator podcast, the hosts explore the lasting economic effects of Jimmy Carter's presidency. They focus on three significant indicators: Carter's choice of Paul Volcker as Fed Chairman, which sparked a necessary but tough battle against inflation; the deregulation of six major industries—airlines, trucking, railroads, air cargo, cable TV, and beer—encouraging competition and ultimately reducing prices; and the substantial energy savings achieved through Carter's emphasis on conservation and investment in energy-efficient window technology. The discussion emphasizes how Carter's unpopular choices led to long-term benefits for the American economy, despite their negative impact on his chances for reelection.