This episode explores the multifaceted connection between diet, lifestyle, and fertility, focusing on how conventional medicine often misses crucial underlying factors. Against the backdrop of alarmingly high rates of metabolic dysfunction among Americans impacting fertility, Dr. Hyman details how high sugar and starch intake disrupts hormone balance in both men and women, leading to conditions like PCOS and low testosterone. More significantly, the discussion delves into the critical role of inflammation, mitochondrial function, and gut microbiome health in reproductive health, highlighting the often-overlooked impact of nutrient deficiencies (folate, vitamin D, B12, iron, magnesium, zinc, selenium, and omega-3s). For instance, a case study illustrates how addressing a woman's high homocysteine levels through methylfolate supplementation led to a successful pregnancy after multiple miscarriages. The episode concludes by emphasizing the importance of comprehensive testing and personalized functional medicine approaches to address root causes, rather than simply treating symptoms, and provides practical dietary recommendations for improving fertility.