This episode explores the pervasive issue of unhealthy ingredients in processed foods, particularly focusing on artificial food dyes and other chemicals prevalent in the US but banned or heavily regulated in other countries. Against the backdrop of Vani Hari's activism, including a significant protest at Kellogg's headquarters, the discussion highlights the disparity in ingredient standards between the US and other nations. More significantly, the conversation delves into the "grass loophole" within the FDA, allowing food companies to self-approve chemicals without rigorous independent scientific review. For instance, the case of Kellogg's cereals, initially promising to remove artificial dyes, yet continuing to use them in new products, underscores the lack of accountability. Dr. Hyman and Hari discuss potential solutions, such as stricter regulations, closing the loophole, and implementing front-of-package labeling to increase transparency. The conversation also touches upon the food industry's aggressive lobbying efforts and the use of "front groups" to discredit activists and maintain the status quo. What this means for the future of food regulation and public health hinges on the success of ongoing efforts to reform the FDA, increase transparency, and empower consumers to make informed choices.