The Red, the Black, and the Green

This episode of 99% Invisible is a rebroadcast about the history and significance of the Pan-African flag (red, black, and green), designed by Marcus Garvey in 1918. The episode traces the flag's origins, its connection to the Black liberation movement, and its symbolism representing the blood, land, and people of Africa and the diaspora. It explores Garvey's philosophy of Pan-Africanism, his conflict with W.E.B. Du Bois, and the impact of the flag as a symbol of Black unity and pride, contrasting it with the complicated relationship Black Americans have with the U.S. flag. The episode also briefly discusses the Juneteenth flag and its symbolism.