This interview podcast features Lex Fridman in conversation with historian and philosopher Yuval Noah Harari. The discussion begins with a consideration of the rarity of intelligent life in the universe, transitioning into a debate about the nature of consciousness and intelligence, particularly in relation to artificial intelligence. Harari argues that while AI may achieve high intelligence, consciousness—the capacity to feel—remains a key differentiator and ethical consideration. The conversation then shifts to the political situation in Israel, with Harari expressing concern over the erosion of democratic checks and balances under the current government. Ultimately, the discussion circles back to the power of stories and narratives in shaping human behavior and the potential dangers of AI's influence on human society and the future of humanity.