This episode explores the persistent failure of the Pentagon to pass an annual audit, despite its massive budget. Against this backdrop, the hosts interview Julia Gledhill, a researcher at the Stimson Center, to understand the complexities of Pentagon auditing. More significantly, the discussion reveals that the failure isn't due to outright malfeasance but rather a systemic inability to track assets and inventory, as exemplified by the Navy's discovery of a warehouse containing $126 million in spare parts that were unaccounted for. For instance, the lack of robust inventory tracking affects readiness and potentially leads to overspending on spare parts, a problem that defense contractors may not be incentivized to solve. The conversation further touches upon the political influence of defense contractors, the lack of consequences for audit failures, and the broader implications of defense spending on economic inequality and innovation. In contrast to the common narrative that military spending boosts economic growth, Gledhill argues that it can have a depressive effect on long-term productivity. Ultimately, the episode highlights the need for significant reform in defense spending and acquisition processes, particularly regarding nuclear weapons programs, to improve efficiency and accountability.